HPAT Ireland Guide — Updated 2026

Your complete guide to
mastering the HPAT

Everything students, parents, and guidance counsellors need — test format, scoring, sample questions, interactive exercises, and registration steps.

⚠️
Scoring changes from 2027HPAT will be marked out of 150 (down from 300) for students entering medicine from 2027. Current 6th years are unaffected. See what's changing →

Next sitting

HPAT 2027 — February 2027

--
Days
--
Hours
--
Mins
--
Secs
Registration opensNovember 2026
Standard deadlineMid-January 2027
Test windowFebruary 2027
Results releasedLate June 2027
Registration fee€164 standard
2.5 hrs
Total test duration
114
Multiple-choice questions
0–300
Score range (current)
5
Irish med schools require it

Who needs to sit HPAT?

Required for medicine and
some health programmes

HPAT is mandatory if you are applying for undergraduate medicine in Ireland through the CAO. It is also required for certain postgraduate programmes at the University of Limerick.

🩺

You must sit HPAT if…

You are in 6th year and applying for undergraduate medicine through the CAO. You need a CAO number before registering.

📋

Not subject knowledge

The test measures reasoning and interpersonal skills — not Leaving Cert subjects. Practice with question types is genuinely helpful.

Valid for one year only

A 2026 HPAT score can only be used for 2026 CAO offers. You cannot carry it forward to 2027.

🌍

International students

Non-EU students may be exempt from HPAT. Check with individual universities as requirements vary.

📅

Register early

Registration opens in November. Standard deadline is mid-January. Late registration costs an extra €75. Your child must have a CAO number first.

💰

Understand the costs

Standard fee €164. UL Written English adds €22. Late registration adds €75. Third-party prep courses are separate.

💻

Sat at home

HPAT is online via remote proctoring (ProctorU). Needs a computer with webcam, stable broadband, quiet space. School networks may block the software.

📊

How it affects the CAO offer

HPAT score (0–300) adds to moderated LC points (max 565) giving a maximum combined score of 865. Medicine typically requires 730+.

🏫

Eligibility rules

Students must be in final year or have completed their Leaving Cert. Mature applicants are 23+ on 1 January of application year. EU and non-EU rules differ.

📌

CAO number required first

Students must have their CAO number before registering for HPAT. Ensure students apply online — paper applications won't generate a number in time.

Reasonable adjustments

Students with documented disabilities can apply for accommodations. Applications must be submitted early with supporting documentation to ACER.

🔄

2027 changes — brief now

Current 5th years face a new scoring system (max 150 HPAT, max 625 LC, combined max 775). See full details.

Universities requiring HPAT for undergraduate medicine

UCD
University College Dublin
Medicine (DN004)
TCD
Trinity College Dublin
Medicine (TR003)
UCC
University College Cork
Medicine (CK101)
UG
University of Galway
Medicine (GY101)
RCSI
RCSI University of Medicine
Medicine (RC001)
UL
University of Limerick
MSc OT / SLT (postgrad) + Written English

Test format

What's in the test — section by section

HPAT is a 2.5-hour computer-based test with 114 multiple-choice questions across three mandatory sections. No breaks between sections. No marks deducted for wrong answers.

S1
Logical Reasoning & Problem Solving
Critical thinking, data analysis, argument evaluation
42 questions60 minutes

The heaviest section. You will read passages, examine data in graphs and tables, and work through logical puzzles. The key skill: identifying what can and cannot be concluded from given information.

  • Identifying logical conclusions from premises
  • Interpreting charts, graphs, and statistical data
  • Evaluating arguments and spotting assumptions
  • Recognising patterns and causal relationships
  • Drawing inferences from complex scenarios

Tip: Practise critical reading of newspapers and scientific articles. Distinguish conclusions that are certain vs merely probable.

Questions42
Time allowed60 minutes
Average per question~86 seconds
Share of test time43%
Time share
S2
Interpersonal Understanding
Empathy, social reasoning, emotional intelligence
36 questions45 minutes

You will read scenarios involving people in social and healthcare situations, then answer questions about what someone is feeling, thinking, or how they should respond.

  • Inferring emotions and motivations from scenarios
  • Understanding different perspectives and viewpoints
  • Recognising appropriate responses in social situations
  • Identifying what is not said but implied
  • Distinguishing between feelings and opinions

Tip: Wide reading of character-driven fiction builds this skill more than any structured course.

Questions36
Time allowed45 minutes
Average per question~75 seconds
Share of test time32%
Time share
S3
Non-Verbal Reasoning
Abstract patterns, spatial reasoning, visual logic
36 questions40 minutes

You will work with shapes, patterns, and visual sequences without any text. This tests your ability to think logically without relying on language.

  • Identifying the next item in a visual series
  • Finding missing segments in matrix grids
  • Mentally rotating 2D and 3D shapes
  • Spotting the odd one out in shape groups
  • Identifying transformations applied to figures

Tip: IQ-style pattern apps and puzzles genuinely help. This is the section where timed practice has the most impact.

Questions36
Time allowed40 minutes
Average per question~67 seconds
Share of test time29%
Time share
S4
Written English (UL only)
Essay — UL Occupational Therapy & Speech & Language Therapy only
1 essay30 minutes

Only required for MSc Occupational Therapy or MSc Speech and Language Therapy at UL. An additional fee of €22 applies.

  • Clear thesis development and organisation
  • Balanced argumentation with evidence
  • Effective written expression
  • Grammar and language proficiency
Format1 timed essay
Time allowed30 minutes
Additional fee€22
Who needs itUL MSc only
SectionQuestionsTimeAvg per QSkills
S1 — Logical Reasoning4260 min~86 secCritical thinking, data analysis
S2 — Interpersonal Understanding3645 min~75 secEmpathy, social reasoning
S3 — Non-Verbal Reasoning3640 min~67 secPatterns, spatial logic
S4 — Written English (UL only)1 essay30 minAcademic writing
Total (S1–S3)114 questions145 minutesNo breaks between sections

All questions multiple choice, one correct answer. No negative marking. Source: hpat-ireland.acer.org

Scoring & results

How your score is calculated

Scores are calculated using Item Response Theory (IRT) and reported on a 0–300 scale alongside a percentile rank comparing you to all other candidates that year.

The 0–300 scale

Current system (up to and including 2026)

Your raw score is converted using IRT — a statistical method accounting for question difficulty. The same scaled score may reflect different numbers of correct answers in different years.

Minimum possible0
Average score (approx.)~155–165
Typical medicine threshold~163–170+
Maximum possible300

Percentile rank

How you compare to other candidates

A percentile of 85 means you scored higher than 85% of all candidates. For most medicine programmes, a percentile of 85+ is typically needed to be competitive.

RCSI 2025 combined score guide
LC points ranged from 553–565 (moderated). HPAT scores ranged from 163–241. Combined score required: 732+ (random selection applied).

Moderated LC points

How LC points are adjusted for medicine

For school leavers applying in 2026, LC points above 550 are moderated — adjusted upward to a maximum of 565.

Max LC (moderated)565 points
Max HPAT score300 points
Maximum combined865 points

When results are released

Two release windows

Mid to late April
UL MSc OT / SLT applicants and mature candidates
Late June
All other candidates (standard school leavers)

No re-marks or special consideration can be given. Results are final.

Combined score calculator

Estimate your combined total

Adjust your estimated LC points and HPAT score to see your combined total against recent medicine entry thresholds. Indicative only.

530
200625
170
0300
Recent benchmarks
Typical competitive range730–800+
RCSI 2025 minimum (random selection)732
Maximum possible combined865
2027 change: HPAT will be out of 150, max combined 775 (625 LC + 150 HPAT). This calculator reflects the current 2026 system.
Your estimated combined score
700
out of 865 maximum
Raw LC points530
Moderated LC points545
HPAT score170
Combined total715

Question bank

Practise with real-style questions

20 questions across all three sections. Select your answer, then reveal the full explanation including why wrong options are wrong.

Score: 0 correct / 0 answered

Skill builder exercises

Build the skills the HPAT tests

17 interactive exercises building the specific reasoning, empathy, and pattern-recognition skills each HPAT section demands. Return weekly — improvement is cumulative.

Study guide

How to prepare for the HPAT

The HPAT is not a subject exam — you cannot memorise your way to a good score. But you absolutely can improve with the right preparation.

The single most important principle: HPAT measures skills built over years. Practise under timed conditions, learn from errors. Start 4–6 months out. Three hours a week consistently beats intensive last-minute cramming every time.

When to start — a realistic timeline

September – October
Foundation phase
Understand the test structure. Take one untimed practice test to benchmark. Identify your weakest section.
November – December
Skill-building phase
2–3 hours per week. Targeted practice per section. Build reading habits. Daily pattern recognition for Section 3.
January (early)
Intensive phase
3–4 timed full mock exams. Review every error. Identify recurring mistake patterns. Work the ACER official e-book.
Week before test
Consolidation phase
No new techniques. One short timed practice. Confirm ProctorU setup. Rest well. Trust your preparation.

Section-by-section strategies

Section 1Logical Reasoning & Problem Solving40% of overall score
📰
Read critically, not passively. Spend 10 minutes daily with the Irish Times or Guardian — identify the argument, the evidence, the assumption.
📊
Practise data interpretation. CSO reports, science articles — anything with graphs and numbers. Extract conclusions quickly.
⏱️
Build pace, not just accuracy. ~86 seconds per question. Never spend more than 2 minutes on any single question — skip and return.
⚠️
Watch "must be true" vs "could be true". The most common trap. Read each question stem word for word.
Section 2Interpersonal Understanding40% of overall score
📚
Read character-driven fiction. Colm Tóibín, Tana French, Sally Rooney — read analytically. Ask why characters act as they do.
📓
Keep a perspective journal. After any difficult conversation, note what each person was feeling, trying to achieve, and not saying.
🎭
Watch films with the sound off. Practise reading body language and subtext. Rewatch with sound to check.
🚫
Avoid your first instinct. Section 2 is designed so the dramatic answer feels right but is wrong. Choose the nuanced, precise reading.
Section 3Non-Verbal Reasoning20% of overall score
🔸
This section improves fastest with practice. Many students jump from 50th to 80th percentile with 6–8 weeks of regular drilling.
📋
Identify ALL rules before answering. Every question has multiple simultaneous rules — size, fill, rotation, count, position.
📱
Use pattern apps daily. 10 minutes a day from September builds the right visual circuits.
🕐
~67 seconds per question. If you can't see the rule in 30 seconds, eliminate and guess. No negative marks.
All sectionsGeneral exam techniqueUniversal principles
Attempt every question — no blanks. No negative marking. A blank scores zero; a guess scores on average 25%.
Eliminate first, then choose. Removing even one wrong option improves your odds.
🔄
Review errors, not correct answers. After every session, spend equal time on why you got things wrong. Keep an error log.
🧪
Simulate test conditions. At least three full 2.5-hour mock exams — no breaks, timer running throughout.

Official & recommended resources

Third-party
MedEntry HPAT Ireland
medentry-hpat.ie — video lessons, hundreds of practice questions, full mock exams. Not affiliated with ACER.
Third-party
Career Services HPAT
careerservices.ie/hpat-ireland — video course with worked solutions, 120+ questions per section.

Third-party providers are not affiliated with ACER or MyCareerVerse. Only official ACER materials contain real past test questions.

The 5 most common preparation mistakes

1
Starting too late. Students who begin in January have 2–4 weeks before the test. HPAT skills take months to build. Even light preparation from September makes a significant difference.
2
Only practising their strong section. Improving your weakest section by 15 percentile points matters far more than squeezing 3 extra points from your strongest.
3
Practising without timing. Untimed practice creates false confidence. Always practise with a timer — use the one on this page.
4
Not reviewing errors. Working through 200 questions without analysing mistakes is nearly useless. An error log is the single highest-value tool.
5
Treating Section 2 as unteachable. It is not. The skill of reading emotional subtext and inferring motivation can be developed — and it is worth 40% of your score.

Practice timer

Practise under real conditions

Select a section to load its exact time limit, or set your own. Always practise with a running clock.

Select a section to start
00:00
⏰ Time is up!

How to register

Step-by-step registration guide

Registration is online only. You need a CAO number first. Start early — do not leave it to the last minute.

1
Apply to CAO and get your CAO number

Apply online at cao.ie — paper applications will not generate a number in time. UL MSc applicants do not need a CAO number.

2
Create an ACER account

Go to registration.acer.edu.au and create a new account. Your name and date of birth must exactly match the photo ID you will present on test day.

3
Register and pay for HPAT-Ireland

Log in, select 'Register for HPAT-Ireland 2027', confirm your CAO number, and pay online.

Standard registration€164
UL Written English add-on+€22
Late fee+€75
Exceptional late fee+€110
4
Book your ProctorU session and download Guardian Browser

Book your specific test sitting through ProctorU. Install Guardian Browser before test day and run the equipment check using the same computer and connection you will use. Do not use school, library, or workplace networks — firewalls may block ProctorU.

Preparation checklist

Track your readiness

Work through these milestones across all three sections. Tick each item as you complete it — progress is saved in your browser.

🧠 Section 1

💬 Section 2

🔷 Section 3

✅ Overall

Frequently asked questions

Questions from students and parents

Yes. You can resit HPAT in a subsequent year. However, HPAT scores are valid for one year only — a 2026 score cannot be used for 2027 CAO entry. You must register fresh for each sitting.

No. There is no penalty for incorrect answers. ACER strongly recommends attempting every question. A blank answer scores zero; a guess has a chance of being correct. Never leave questions blank.

ACER advises against intensive last-minute cramming. Most successful candidates begin 3–6 months before the test. Regular timed practice with past questions and wide reading habits are the most effective approaches. The official ACER practice e-books are the only source of real past test questions.

ACER offers reasonable adjustments (extra time, rest breaks) for candidates with documented disabilities or learning differences. Apply well in advance with supporting documentation from a qualified professional. Contact hpat-ireland@acer.org as early as possible.

ACER has extended test windows to accommodate rescheduling for candidates who experience technical difficulties. Contact hpat-ireland@acer.org immediately. This is why the ProctorU equipment check before test day is essential.

ACER produces the only official HPAT-Ireland preparation materials. Third-party providers like MedEntry and Career Services are not affiliated with ACER. Only official ACER books contain real past test questions. Third-party resources can supplement but should not replace official material.

There is no fixed minimum HPAT score. Entry is determined by your combined score (moderated LC + HPAT). In 2025, RCSI required a combined score of 732+ (random selection applied). Competitive candidates typically score at the 85th percentile or above. The minimum LC requirement for medicine is 480 points in a single sitting.

Upcoming changes

Scoring system changes from 2027

The IUA has announced changes to the medicine points calculation for students entering from 2027. If you are in 5th year now, this affects you.

📢

These changes do NOT affect 2026 applicants (current 6th years)

The existing scoring system remains in place for the 2026 entry cycle. Changes take effect from 2027 onwards, affecting students currently in 5th year.

ComponentCurrent (up to 2026)New (from 2027)
LC max points565 (moderated above 550)625 (no moderation)
HPAT maximum score300150
Maximum combined total865775
HPAT still required?YesYes (unchanged)

Source: Irish Universities Association

Ready for a real conversation
about your future?

Angela is a qualified guidance counsellor with experience helping students navigate subject choices, CAO applications, and career planning.